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A grub screw, also known as a set screw is used for securing sliding or moving components in place. Grubs screws have threaded inserts instead of tapering screw grooves. The screw is passed through a threaded hole in the outer object and then tightened against the inner object to prevent it from moving relative to the outer object. Grub screws are commonly used to secure a pulley or a gear to a shaft or for attaching a handle or cam to a spindle. You can learn more in our comprehensive grub screws guide and our complete set screws guide. Regardless of the exact type or shape of grub screws and set screws you’re looking to buy, you’ll generally find them sold to a range of sizing specifications, including grub screw sets defined in both imperial (inches and fractions of inches) and metric (millimetres) units of measurement.
You can apply a penetrating lubricant to help reduce and remove any rust or corrosion present around the threads of the grub screw prior to starting
Typical examples of uses for grub screws might include any situation where one object or component needs to clamp to another tightly via friction, but where protruding parts of the fastener would interfere with smooth functioning of the items in question. Grub screws for this purpose are especially widely used in architectural ironmongery, and are a very common feature found wherever door handles are attached to spindle shafts. Because they’re often chosen to work in tight or confined spaces, or as part of more intricate assemblies, it’s common to find grub screws available in a wide range of very small sizes. These can start from as little as a couple of millimetres in standard hardware configurations, but anything under about 4mm would typically be considered a ‘small’ grub or set screw. Above this, they can come in just as wide a range of sizes as most other screw types. As stated in the section above, the most common uses for grub screws are to join or clamp one object or component tightly against another, but in specific scenarios where the use of a more traditional nut and bolt combination isn’t ideal for various reasons. When buying grub screws or set screws from most manufacturers and suppliers to the UK market, you'll usually find up to six different variants of grub screw shapes on offer. These include:
When buying grub screws or set screws from most manufacturers and suppliers, you'll usually find up to six different variants of grub screw shapes on offer. These include: Set screws often do feature a head - very likely a hex fitting - but without a threadless section immediately below it (again, this is different to the length of unthreaded shank you’d typically find on a standard bolt). Because they often feature no protruding screw head in the traditional sense, true grub screws tend to be driven by means of a sunken internal recess at what is still generally referred to as the ‘head end’.Besides aesthetics, another advantage of using grub screws (with no leading or trailing edge exposed at the head end) is that they can often offer better resistance to weathering and corrosion as a result. They can also be driven with considerably more torque force than traditional screws, as the uniform diameter right the way along the full length of the grub screw shaft means that they don’t begin to split the hole apart as they go in further. Instead, the the surrounding material into which the set or grub screw is driven will work to reinforce the fastening as it goes in. Grub screws can often prove especially useful in situations where a standard nut and bolt would impede the optimal functioning of an object or component(s), or else would not achieve the clean aesthetic the installer is aiming for on the visible/external faces of an item. They’re almost always found being used in mechanical systems where two or more metal surfaces rub or press directly together, and where there isn’t room to fit a bolt or other type of protruding head between the two flush surfaces without limiting proper functionality or movement of the part(s). The most obvious point of distinction between grub screws and other types of standard screws and bolts is that true grub screws tend not to feature a protruding head. Instead, they’re usually threaded right to the top, and are the same diameter all the way along their length, meaning that the grub screw can be fully driven into its hole to sit flush with (or even countersunk into, depending on the application) the workpiece. Insert the correct kind of drive for the type of grub screw in question, and make sure it is securely seated
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